Jordan launches largest online antiquities catalogue.Summary

Jordan launches largest online antiquities catalogue.Summary
18 April 2011

The newest and biggest online database of historic objects in the world has been launched in Jordan. The Middle Eastern Geodatabase for Antiquities, Mega, has information on all of Jordan's 11,000 historic sites.

Reporter
Dale Gavlak
Report
Lying at the crossroads of three continents, Jordan hosts a number of World Heritage sites. The most famous is the spectacular 2,000 year-old rose rock city of Petra, which draws some one million tourists every year. But the country also is chock full of other historic sites dating from the Neolithic Age, through Biblical times to the Crusades and Ottoman times.

The online system will define the boundaries of each Jordanian site, which is key to preventing urban encroachment on antiquities zones. Government authorities can use the system to plan strategies for research and tourism development. Meanwhile, field inspectors can quickly report theft or damage by those visiting the sites.

Mega is expected to be used elsewhere, particularly in neighbouring Iraq, which has witnessed wide-scale damage and theft of its extensive archaeological treasures.

Dale Gavlak, BBC News, Amman

Vocabulary
Show All Hide All
at the crossroads of
at the meeting point of

hosts
is home to

draws
attracts

chock full of
packed with

key to
essential in

urban encroachment
the expansion of towns and cities into areas where people do not normally live

antiquities zones
sites where items of historical importance have been dug up

field inspectors
here, experts who visit and study historic sites

neighbouring
directly next to, or adjoining

witnessed
here, experienced

Jordan launches largest online antiquities catalogue.Summary

عنوان درس: اردن بزرگترین کاتالوگ آثار باستانی را در اینترنت منتشر کرد

20 avril 2011
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اردن جدیدترین و بزرگترین بانک اطلاعاتی آنلاین در جهان را که در باره اشیای تاریخی است، وارد شبکه جهانی اینترنت کرده است. در این بانک اطلاعاتی آنلاین که نام مخفف آن "مگا" است، (Middle Eastern Geodatabase for Antiquities)، اطلاعات در مورد تمام یازده هزار مکان تاریخی اردن یافت می شود.

به گزارش گوش بدهيد
Lying at the crossroads of three continents, Jordan hosts a number of World Heritage sites. The most famous is the spectacular 2,000 year-old rose rock city of Petra, which draws some one million tourists every year. But the country also is chock full of other historic sites dating from the Neolithic Age, through Biblical times to the Crusades and Ottoman times.

The online system will define the boundaries of each Jordanian site, which is key to preventing urban encroachment on antiquities zones. Government authorities can use the system to plan strategies for research and tourism development. Meanwhile, field inspectors can quickly report theft or damage by those visiting the sites.

Mega is expected to be used elsewhere, particularly in neighbouring Iraq, which has witnessed wide-scale damage and theft of its extensive archaeological treasures.

Dale Gavlak, BBC News, Amman

به کلمات گوش بدهيد
at the crossroads of
در محل تلاقی، در تقاطع

hosts
میزبان ... است

draws
در اینجا: جلب می کند

chock full of
مملو است از

key to
برای ... مهم است

urban encroachment
گسترش شهرها به نواحی که معمولا خالی از سکنه است

antiquities zones
اماکن باستانی، نقاطی که اشیای عتیقه در آن کشف شده است

field inspectors
در اینجا: کارشناسان اماکن تاریخی

neighbouring
همجوار، در همسایگی

witnessed
شاهد بود، مشاهده کرد

Future of US space travel uncertain.Summary

Future of US space travel uncertain.Summary
9 September 2009

A White House panel of independent space experts has raised serious doubts about NASA's plan to revisit the Moon, or to send astronauts to Mars. It says the current annual budget of $18 bn is simply not enough to fund exploration beyond the Earth.

Reporter:
Jonathan Beale
Report
Five years ago President Bush set out his lofty vision of sending astronauts back to the Moon by the year 2020. It was meant to be the staging post for the next frontier - a manned landing on Mars. Now a panel of space experts says that's pretty much pie in the sky.

Their report, commissioned by President Obama, says the current US human spaceflight programme appears to be on an unsustainable trajectory. It suggests the only way forward is to increase the funding of NASA by billions of dollars, or to co-operate with private companies now embarking on commercial space flights.

The panel says visits to Near-Earth Objects such as asteroids are far more realistic too. The experts also argue for keeping the International Space Station going till 2020, rather than pulling the plug in six years' time.

Jonathan Beale, BBC News, Washington

Vocabulary
Show All Hide All
set out
displayed or showed plans for

lofty vision
an ambitious plan

staging post
a place where stops are made on long journeys (here, the Moon before travelling on to Mars)

next frontier
a part of space which has not been previously explored

a panel
a team of people (usually professionals or experts) who make decisions

pie in the sky
an expression meaning that something which you hope will happen is, in fact, very unlikely

on an unsustainable trajectory
on a path or following a plan which cannot be continued or completed

embarking
starting on something new

asteroids
one of many rocky objects of various sizes which circle the sun

pulling the plug
prevent from continuing

Future of US space travel uncertain.Summary

Future of US space travel uncertain

15 sep 2009

عنوان درس: آینده سفر فضایی آمریکا نامعلوم است


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تیمی از کارشناسان فضایی مستقل کاخ سفید آمریکا، در مورد برنامه ناسا برای رفتن مجدد به کره ماه یا فرستادن فضانوردان به کره مریخ ابراز تردید جدی کرده اند. این تیم می گوید بودجه سالانه کنونی که 18 میلیارد دلار است برای تامین هزینه این برنامه های فضایی، بهیچوجه کافی نیست.

به گزارش گوش بدهيد
Five years ago President Bush set out his lofty vision of sending astronauts back to the Moon by the year 2020. It was meant to be the staging post for the next frontier - a manned landing on Mars. Now a panel of space experts says that's pretty much pie in the sky.

Their report, commissioned by President Obama, says the current US human spaceflight programme appears to be on an unsustainable trajectory. It suggests the only way forward is to increase the funding of NASA by billions of dollars, or to co-operate with private companies now embarking on commercial space flights.

The panel says visits to Near-Earth Objects such as asteroids are far more realistic too. The experts also argue for keeping the International Space Station going till 2020, rather than pulling the plug in six years' time.

Jonathan Beale, BBC News, Washington

به کلمات گوش بدهيد
set out
تشریح شد، بیان شد

lofty vision
یک طرح بلندپروازانه

staging post
مرحله، ایستگاه، منزل

next frontier
در اینجا: مرحله بعدی، مرز بعدی

a panel
تیمی که معمولا از افراد حرفه ای یا کارشناس که اجازه تصمیم گیری دارند، تشکیل می شود

pie in the sky
اصطلاحی است که هنگامی به کار برده می شود که احتمال اتفاقی که امیدواریم بیافتد بسیار کم است

on an unsustainable trajectory
در مسیر غیر قابل تداوم

embarking
در اینجا: شروع کردن، دست زدن به

asteroids
سیارک ها

pulling the plug
مانع ادامه کاری شدن، متوقف کردن

t

t

Clijsters wins US Open

22 sep 2009

عنوان درس: کلایسترز مسابقه نهایی تنیس آزاد آمریکا (در بخش زنان) را برد


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کیم کلایسترز، تنیس باز بلژیکی که دو سال بازی تنیس را کنار گذاشته بود پس از بازگشت، برای دومین بار موفق به کسب جایزه مسابقه نهایی تنیس آزاد آمریکا در بخش مسابقات انفرادی زنان شده است. رقیب قهرمان سابق جهان، کارولاین وزنیاکی، تنیس باز دانمارکی بود که کیم کلایسترز، او را 5-7 و 3-6 شکست داد.

به گزارش گوش بدهيد
What a story. What a player. In May this year Kim Clijsters stepped on to Centre Court at Wimbledon, a retired player invited for a gentle workout in an exhibition to test the new roof.

Four months on she's the US Open champion. As comebacks go, there are very few to match it across any sport.

The Belgian took two years out of the game during which time she got married and had a baby daughter. Incredibly, this is only her third event back.

The final itself was of high calibre, full of outstanding rallies, great excitement and smiles on each side of the net. It was the perfect antidote to Serena Williams' shameful shenanigans.

Alastair Eykyn, BBC News, New York

به کلمات گوش بدهيد
stepped on to
قدم به ......( زمین بازی) گذاشت

retired
بازنشسته

a gentle workout
تمرینات بدنی نرم و سبک

as comebacks go, there are very few to match it across any sport
این مورد بسیار نادر است که ورزشکاری که مدتی کنار رفته بوده پس از بازگشت بتواند تا این حد موفق باشد

her third event back
سومین مسابقه ای که پس از بازگشت داشته

final
نهایی

of high calibre
با مهارت و توانایی زیاد

antidote to
این کلمه در اصل به معنی پاد زهر است ولی در اینجا به معنی تسکین وآسودگی خاطر (تماشاچیان) است

shenanigans
حقه و کلک، کارهای سئوال برانگیز

Peruvian mummy found.Summary

Peruvian mummy found.Summary
16 September 2009

A joint Japanese-Peruvian archaeological mission has uncovered the remains of a woman who they believe was killed as a sacrifice, almost 3,000 years ago in Peru.

Reporter:
Dan Collyns
Report
At close to 3,000 years old, scientists were amazed at how well preserved the remains were. The woman, named the 'Lady of Pacopampa' after the site in the northern highlands where she was found, stood at just over one and a half metres tall.

She was discovered surrounded by gold necklaces, pendants and ceramics. Archaeologists were also surprised to find jewellery made from seashells as the site where she was found in the Andean Cajamarca region is several hundred miles from the coast and there was little previous evidence of trade between the two areas.

Although the circumstances of her death are still unclear, the Japanese researcher leading the dig, Yuji Seki, said her bones were found in the foetal position with the legs bound by a cord. He added that she was between 30 and 40 years old when she died, considerably older than most mummified bodies found in Peru.

Archaeologists believe the Pacopampa area where she was found was an important ceremonial site, contemporary with the better-known Chavin and Cupisnique cultures.

Dan Collyns, BBC News, Lima

Vocabulary
Show All Hide All
how well preserved the remains were
how little the dead body had been destroyed or decayed

pendants and ceramics
special necklaces (which have an object hanging from them) and objects jugs, cups, containers, etc.) made from clay that has been heated

archaeologists
people who study buildings, graves, objects etc. of people who lived a long time ago

seashells
empty cases or shells of small sea creatures which are often found lying on beaches

the coast
the land next to the sea

the circumstances of her death
how and why she died

the foetal position
lying curled up (the foetal position describes how an unborn child lies when developing inside its mother while she is pregnant)

bound by a cord
tied with a rope

mummified bodies
dead bodies which have been preserved (to stop them rotting or decaying) by being treated with special oils and other substances and being wrapped in cloth

contemporary
something (here, the Pacopampa area) existed at the same time as something else (here, the Chavin and Cupisnique

Peruvian mummy found

Peruvian mummy found

19 sep 2009



عنوان درس: کشف مومیایی پرویی


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تیمی از باستانشناسان ژاپنی و پرویی، موفق به کشف اسکلت زنی شده اند که به اعتقاد آنان نزدیک به سه هزار سال قبل برای قربانی کردن، او را کشته اند.

به گزارش گوش بدهيد
At close to 3,000 years old, scientists were amazed at how well preserved the remains were. The woman, named the 'Lady of Pacopampa' after the site in the northern highlands where she was found, stood at just over one and a half metres tall.

She was discovered surrounded by gold necklaces, pendants and ceramics. Archaeologists were also surprised to find jewellery made from seashells as the site where she was found in the Andean Cajamarca region is several hundred miles from the coast and there was little previous evidence of trade between the two areas.

Although the circumstances of her death are still unclear, the Japanese researcher leading the dig, Yuji Seki, said her bones were found in the foetal position with the legs bound by a cord. He added that she was between 30 and 40 years old when she died, considerably older than most mummified bodies found in Peru.

Archaeologists believe the Pacopampa area where she was found was an important ceremonial site, contemporary with the better-known Chavin and Cupisnique cultures.

Dan Collyns, BBC News, Lima

به کلمات گوش بدهيد
how well preserved the remains were
تا چه حد جسد به خوبی حفظ شده

pendants and ceramics
گردن بندهای آویزدار و ظروف سرامیک

archaeologists
باستانشناسان

seashells
گوش ماهی ها، صدف ها

the coast
ساحل

the circumstances of her death
چگونگی مرگ او، اینکه چگونه مرده

the foetal position
حالت جنینی، مانند جنین دست و پا را به طرف سینه بالا آوردن و جمع کردن

bound by a cord
با طناب بسته شده

mummified bodies
اجساد مومیایی شده

contemporary
معاصر

Planes cause rise in CO2 targets

Planes cause rise in CO2 targets.Summary
11 September 2009

The UK's official climate change advisers have warned that households and businesses will have to cut even more emissions than previously planned - up to 90% by 2050 - so the aviation sector can continue to grow.

Reporter:
Roger Harrabin


Report
Aviation is perpetually contentious in debates on climate change. The government says it wants people to be able to fly on holiday. But there's currently no technology that can radically cut emissions from planes.

The Climate Change Committee spells out the implications of that tension. The rest of the economy, it says, may have to cut its emissions 90% by 2050, so people can carry on flying in the meantime. The current target for the whole economy is 80%.

Green groups immediately demanded that the government should scrap its plans to expand Heathrow and other airports.

The Committee says aviation is a global problem, so it needs to be included in any deal in the coming climate change talks at the UN. Emissions from aviation in rich countries should be capped, then forced to return to 2005 levels, it says. Flying in poor countries should be allowed to grow for a while.

The government says it already supports the target of getting aviation emissions down to 2005 levels. But critics doubt ministers' plans for emissions to fall whilst aviation grows.

Roger Harrabin, BBC News

Vocabulary
Show All Hide All
is perpetually contentious
constantly causes disagreement

debates
serious discussions involving many people

radically cut emissions
significantly reduce the amounts of harmful gases

spells out the implications
clearly explains what the consequences/results might be

tension
here, an uneasy situation

target
here, certain results that must be achieved

scrap
cancel, abandon, abolish, stop

deal
here, official agreement between many countries

should be capped
should be limited, must not be allowed to grow any further

critics doubt ministers' plans
people who disapprove of ministers' plans say they are not sure they will work

Planes cause rise in CO2 targets
29 sep 2009



موضوع درس: هواپیماها موجب افزایش گاز کربنیک می شوند


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مشاوران رسمی دولت بریتانیا در امور تغییرات جوی، هشدار داده اند که برای این که بخش هوانوردی بتواند همچنان رشد کند، میزان گاز کربنیکی که در نتیجه مصارف خانگی و نیز کسب و کار تولید می شود باید حتی بیشتر از آن حد که قبلا در نظر گرفته شده بود- تا 90 درصد تا سال 2050- کاهش یابد.

به گزارش گوش بدهيد
Aviation is perpetually contentious in debates on climate change. The government says it wants people to be able to fly on holiday. But there's currently no technology that can radically cut emissions from planes.

The Climate Change Committee spells out the implications of that tension. The rest of the economy, it says, may have to cut its emissions 90% by 2050, so people can carry on flying in the meantime. The current target for the whole economy is 80%.

Green groups immediately demanded that the government should scrap its plans to expand Heathrow and other airports.

The Committee says aviation is a global problem, so it needs to be included in any deal in the coming climate change talks at the UN. Emissions from aviation in rich countries should be capped, then forced to return to 2005 levels, it says. Flying in poor countries should be allowed to grow for a while.

The government says it already supports the target of getting aviation emissions down to 2005 levels. But critics doubt ministers' plans for emissions to fall whilst aviation grows.

Roger Harrabin, BBC News

به کلمات گوش بدهيد
is perpetually contentious
دائما موضوع بحث انگیزی است

debates
بحث های جدی

radically cut emissions
کاهش قابل توجه در تولید گازهای مضر

spells out the implications
پی آمدهایش را به وضوح شرح می دهد

tension
تنش

target
هدف، در اینجا: هدف تعیین شده ای که باید در زمان معین به آن دست یافت

scrap
لغو کردن، کنار گذاشتن

deal
در اینجا: توافق رسمی چند کشور

should be capped
باید محدود شود، باید سقفی برای آن تعیین شود

critics doubt ministers' plans
منتقدان به برنامه های وزیران با شک و بدبینی نگاه می کنند، منتقدان مطمئن نیستند نقشه های وزیران به نتیجه خواهد رسید

price william

Summary
23 September 2009

Prince William has been speaking for the first time about his charitable work. The Prince is patron of 12 organisations. He says he wants to be more than just a royal 'ornament'.

Reporter:
Peter Hunt





This is part of Prince William's solution to an age-old royal challenge - what to do as a future king while you wait to fulfil your destiny. As well as pursuing his military career, William has been encouraging the charities he's patron of to work together. This has led, for example, to the mountain rescue service taking some young homeless people from the charity, Centrepoint, up a Cumbrian mountain to improve their self-confidence. Prince William says he's trying to make a difference.

Prince William: 'I think there's a time and a place for being an ornament. You know, shaking hands and being at an engagement and showing support in that way. But I think there's an awful lot more from actually doing stuff, and this is an example of what I just want to actually be more involved in, doing a slightly different angle on it.'

Prince William and Prince Harry are also setting up a charitable foundation so they can give grants to organisations they support.

Peter Hunt, BBC News


Vocabulary
Show All Hide All
an age-old royal challenge
a very old problem or puzzle for people in the royal family

to fulfil your destiny
to do what you were born or destined to do (for example Prince William was born to be King)

pursuing
trying to do or achieve something, usually over a long period of time

he's patron of
he's a very important supporter of

to improve their self-confidence
to make them feel more confident about their own abilities and themselves, to give them a more positive attitude about what they can do and achieve

to make a difference
to make things better, to improve them

there's a time and a place for being an ornament
while it's appropriate at certain times to be someone that people want to look at, to be on display, at other times, it isn't. (An ornament is an object that is nice to look at but not very useful)

being at an engagement
attending a public function

actually doing stuff
being actively involved, participating (rather than just being an observer)

doing a slightly different angle
thinking about things in a different or unconventional way (note: the usual expression is 'coming at it from a different angle'

Prince William

Royal charity action role
02 oct 2009



عنوان درس: فعالیت های خیریه عضو خانواده سلطنتی


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پرنس ویلیام (پسر پرنس چارلز ولیعهد بریتانیا) برای اولین بار در باره کارهای خیریه خود صحبت کرده است. پرنس ویلیام حامی و سرپرست دوازده سازمان خیریه است. او می گوید می خواهد چیزی بیشتر از تنها یک 'تزئین' سلطنتی باشد.

به گزارش گوش بدهيد
This is part of Prince William's solution to an age-old royal challenge - what to do as a future king while you wait to fulfil your destiny. As well as pursuing his military career, William has been encouraging the charities he's patron of to work together. This has led, for example, to the mountain rescue service taking some young homeless people from the charity, Centrepoint, up a Cumbrian mountain to improve their self-confidence. Prince William says he's trying to make a difference.

Prince William: 'I think there's a time and a place for being an ornament. You know, shaking hands and being at an engagement and showing support in that way. But I think there's an awful lot more from actually doing stuff, and this is an example of what I just want to actually be more involved in, doing a slightly different angle on it.'

Prince William and Prince Harry are also setting up a charitable foundation so they can give grants to organisations they support.

Peter Hunt, BBC News

به کلمات گوش بدهيد
an age-old royal challenge
یک مشکل دیرینه برای خانواده سلطنتی

to fulfil your destiny
انجام دادن آنچه که سرنوشت تعیین کرده

pursuing
دنبال کردن هدف ( معمولا برای یک دوره طولانی)

he's patron of
او حامی مهم و سرپرست .......( 12 سازمان خیریه ) است

to improve their self-confidence
تقویت حس اعتماد به نفس آنان ( جوانان بیخانمان)

to make a difference
تغییردادن وضعیت

there's a time and a place for being an ornament
یک وسیله تزیینی بودن مربوط به زمان و مکان بخصوصی است

being at an engagement
حضور در مراسم عمومی

actually doing stuff
در اینجا: شرکت داشتن فعالانه در رویدادها ( نه این که تنها ناظر بود)

doing a slightly different angle
نگاه کردن به مسائل از یک زاویه متفاوت، با دید متفاوتی به مسائل نگاه کردن

The feminine Mystique is a book written by Betty Friedan in 1963. It explores the life of a middle class, educated housewife in suburbia. The feminine mystique is something that traps a woman. It is a struggle between having a career and being a "good" mother and wife. When being held captive in the feminine mystique a woman can lose her identity within her family and domesticity.


Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_feminine_mystique#ixzz1Th6fi84L


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the unfulfilled feeling felt by educated housewives, specifically referencing the 50s and 60s, wherein the housewife lost her identity and sense of self to a life centered around a husband, children, and home maintenance and little else. It was a trap felt by american women who were afraid to address the problem for fear of being perceived as "unfeminine" for not having orgasms mopping the kitchen floor.


Read more: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_definition_of_feminine_mystique#ixzz1Th5usPAW